India is the seventh largest country in the world and the second most populated country in the world. With 1,220,200,000 (1.22 billion) people, India is the second most populous country in the world, while China is on the top with over 1,350,044,605 (1.35 billion) people. The figures show that India represents almost 17.31% of the world's population, which means one out of six people on this planet live in India. Petroleum products are the natural resource with which each person is somehow attached either through occupation or through household consumption. There is a huge segment of people in India who are consuming the petroleum products in a very reckless manner which cause the hike in prices of petroleum products on day to day basis due to which everyone is suffering. Therefore, the petroleum price hike has become the nationwide problem. The price hike in petroleum products may be identified due to following factors: • Increase in crude oil prices due to increased international demands, low production rate and regular political disturbances in crude oil producing countries of the world influence seriously prices of fuels like petrol. • Indian oil companies face problem to meet demands of petroleum products with shortage of production and supply from oil refineries due to high input cost in crude oil price which leads to mismatching supply demand. • Prices of petroleum products vary according to local government policies by imposing taxes. Whenever government of India increases tax on fuels the oil companies in India have no other alternative to increase the petrol price to recover losses and maintaining marginal profits in oil business in India. • Weaken rupee against dollar and simultaneous inflation force price hike in petroleum products too. • The underdeveloped economies like India have generally a lesser developed financial market which creates a weak bonding between the interest rates and the aggregate demand. This real money gap is determined as the potential determinant for the price rise.

The two banks chosen, HDFC and Central Bank of India, are working in India for some time now and are having a repute of their own. The last decade witnessed the maturity of India's financial markets. Since 1991, every governments of India took major steps in reforming the financial sector of the country. The two banks referred here have also grown by leaps and bounds in India.A survey was conducted in Moradabad and customers were provided with a questionnaire. Both the banks are preferred by general people as well as corporates when it comes to customer service quality, employee satisfaction, variety of services offered etc. We have taken various parameters to understand the two major aspects of these banks, viz., service quality and customer loyalty towards them. The results show some interesting revelations. Some recommendations to the bank have also been included.

Advertising is a form of communication intended to persuade an audience to purchase or take some action upon products, ideals, or services. Same advertising techniques can be used to promote commercial goods and services and also to inform, educate and motivate the public about non-commercial issues, such as save paper, protection of environment, political ideology, and deforestation. Advertisements reach the very depths of our consciousness; and if allowed to enter unimpeded and unquestioned their concepts can become a part of our being. They offer subtle messages with profound implications. How do brands decide on the most effective way of communicating these messages? Most of them choose the so called ‘easy path’ which is to cast a big celebrity and then be sure that everything else will be taken care of. Other brands go the more ‘ordinary way’, Cast a child from the slum or an ordinary Indian like you or me; that sometimes make the ad more realistic and much simpler to relate to. Now one change is clearly visible more and more brands are weaving a strong social message into their advertisements to stand out in the clutter. Social advertising represents advertising formats that engage the social context of the user viewing the advertisement. Such ads are made to give the consumer some serious food for thought –whether it has to do with casting your vote, corruption or illiteracy. They are created to convey a strong social message. The intention is to make every citizen aware of some inevitable responsibilities, wake up and act –be it for their own good or for a common cause. This paper attempts to discuss various issues related to social message advertising being used by some well known Indian brands.

Man has to keep on working ceaselessly and there is no getting away from it. Even the fulfillment of our basic needs, would require us to work constantly. As soon as a child is born, he is burdened with the necessity of working. He has to breathe, drink milk from the bosom of his mother and start performing all essential tasks that an adult has to perform. His work may be less onerous, but given his size and reach, it is enough to keep him fully occupied. The quantum and quality of work undergo some cosmetic changes as he grows, but the necessity of work is not dispensed with, till he breathes his last. Performance of work and various tasks, also create certain desires in him. Some desires are basic and are need based, and must be fulfilled to make both ends meet, or as is often said, to keep the body and soul together. Some of us are not content with the fulfillment of, only the basic desires and aspire for bigger things in life. So we start working harder. Some of us again not content with what we have aspire to acquire many more things in life, without having to work for them. In other words, all of us want to own the world with or without work. No one, who has entertained desires and has strong material aspirations, feels happy, if they are not fulfilled. The important question is that how does one achieve them with or without working. You will of course earn them by putting in some hard work, but they may not meet with your expectations. This is where the need the art of negotiation comes in.

The primary function of R&D is to discover and create new scientific and technological knowledge for the purpose of uncovering and enabling development of valuable new products, processes, and services. (OECD). R&D has been source of growth for various industrial sectors, especially pharmaceutical sector through innovation and creativity. This study was undertaken to gain insights into management of R&D by studying various models. Six generations of R&D Models provide insights into innovation process. The study attempts to trace evolution of these models and their application in the pharmaceutical industry. R&D in global pharmaceutical sector has evolved from botanical age in nineteenth century to chemical synthesis later and biotechnology revolution in 1930s & 1940s. Given the changes in the sector, author decided to study R&D management, evolution of models for R&D Management and their application for pharmaceutical industry. The later day models may help examine innovation process factors that contribute to effectiveness of R&D. Creativity is subset of innovation (Woodman et al, 1993), It seems that creativity inhibiters and enhancers influence innovation process; therefore, the models may help in examining factors associated with it. Personality characteristics of R&D personnel seem to impact creativity; the sixth generation model may provide insights into this aspect also.

Solar-hydrogen is a Completely Green system which avails all the Energy requirements using a Hybrid System for our home, that employs photovoltaic (PV) panels to convert sunlight into electricity which is used for home appliance in the day time and remaining Electricity that is harnessed to extract hydrogen from harvested rain water or tap water. The stored hydrogen will be used for car fuel, cooking gas and also through the fuel cell stacks to power our entire house during night and winter season, leaving behind the water, which can be pumped right back into the system.

Our research paper try to throw lights on some major reasons which were somehow responsible for the current crisis going inside the kingfisher Airlines which can be realized by the press statement from KFA, on 12 March 2012, highlights the challenges: “The flight loads have reduced because of our limited distribution ability caused by IATA suspension. We are therefore combining some of our flights. Also, some of the flights are being cancelled as a result of employee agitation on account of delayed salaries. This situation has arisen as a consequence of our bank accounts having been frozen by the tax authorities. We are making all possible efforts to remedy this temporary situation.”

The two banks chosen, HDFC and Central Bank of India, are working in India for some time now and are having a repute of their own. The last decade witnessed the maturity of India's financial markets. Since 1991, every governments of India took major steps in reforming the financial sector of the country. The two banks referred here have also grown by leaps and bounds in India.A survey was conducted in Moradabad and customers were provided with a questionnaire. Both the banks are preferred by general people as well as corporates when it comes to customer service quality, employee satisfaction, variety of services offered etc. We have taken various parameters to understand the two major aspects of these banks, viz., service quality and customer loyalty towards them. The results show some interesting revelations. Some recommendations to the bank have also been included.

As per 2008 NASCOM report, Services Sector contribution to Indian economy are 57% of GDP and rapidly increasing. The scale, complexity and interdependence of today’s service systems have been driven to an unprecedented level, due to globalization, demographic changes and technology developments. Basic characteristics like intangibility, inseparability, heterogeneity and perishability pose services marketers challenges and issues not faced by goods marketers. Services-marketing-challenges and issues require services-marketing-solutions and strategies developed for goods marketing are often insufficient. This paper offers (a) conceptual frame work summarizing the unique characteristics of services, the challenges stemming from these characteristics and strategies suggested as appropriate to overcome the issues (b) to compare the challenges and strategies cited in literature with those identified during survey (c) to offer recommendations for further development of services marketing concept. Questionnaire was developed to assess the difficulties of unique services, classifying services businesses, identifying business practices and strategies. Survey was conducted in Ghaziabad / Noida to determine (1) the extent to which challenges reported to be associated with services that actually presented problems for sample firm, and (2) the degree to which sample firms used the suggested marketing strategies to overcome these. Each unique characteristic of services leads to specific problems for services marketers and necessitates special strategies for dealing with them. It emerged from this study that fundamental critical goods-services distinction universally cited is intangibility i.e. services can not be seen, felt, tasted or touched in the same manner as goods and appropriate strategy need to be applied for resolving related challenges/issues.